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Asked: 2024-09-22T10:12:23+05:30 In:

How can I implement an IF-THEN-ELSE logic within a SQL query?

Hey everyone! I’m diving into SQL queries for a project, and I’m a bit stuck with implementing some conditional logic. Specifically, I’m trying to figure out how to use IF-THEN-ELSE within my SQL query.

For context, let’s say I have a table called `employees` with columns for `employee_id`, `name`, `salary`, and `department`. I want to create a query that classifies employees based on their salary. For example, if an employee’s salary is above 70,000, I want to label them as ‘High Earner’. If it’s between 50,000 and 70,000, label them as ‘Moderate Earner’, and anything below 50,000 as ‘Low Earner’.

How can I write this logic in a SQL query? Any examples or tips would be super helpful! Thanks in advance!

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    2 Answers



    1. SQL Conditional Logic Example

      SQL IF-THEN-ELSE Logic Example

      Hi there! It sounds like you’re looking to classify employees based on their salary in your SQL query. You can achieve this using the CASE statement, which is similar to IF-THEN-ELSE logic in programming. Here’s how you can write your query:

      
SELECT 
    employee_id, 
    name, 
    salary, 
    department,
    CASE 
        WHEN salary > 70000 THEN 'High Earner'
        WHEN salary BETWEEN 50000 AND 70000 THEN 'Moderate Earner'
        ELSE 'Low Earner' 
    END AS salary_classification
FROM 
    employees;

      This query will return a list of employees along with their salary classification based on the salary ranges you’ve provided. The CASE statement evaluates the salary of each employee and assigns the appropriate label.

      Explanation:

      • WHEN salary > 70000: This checks if the salary is greater than 70,000.
      • WHEN salary BETWEEN 50000 AND 70000: This checks if the salary falls between 50,000 and 70,000.
      • ELSE ‘Low Earner’: If the salary is below 50,000, it defaults to ‘Low Earner’.

      Feel free to try this out in your SQL environment, and I hope it helps you with your project!



    2. To implement conditional logic in your SQL query, you can use the CASE statement, which functions similarly to an IF-THEN-ELSE structure. In your case, you want to classify employees based on their salaries. You can write the query like this:

            SELECT 
        employee_id,
        name,
        salary,
        department,
        CASE 
          WHEN salary > 70000 THEN 'High Earner'
          WHEN salary BETWEEN 50000 AND 70000 THEN 'Moderate Earner'
          ELSE 'Low Earner' 
        END AS salary_category
      FROM employees;

      This SQL query selects the employee details from the employees table and utilizes the CASE statement to categorize each employee’s salary. It checks first if the salary is above 70,000; if it is, it labels the employee as ‘High Earner’. If it’s between 50,000 and 70,000, the label will be ‘Moderate Earner’, and if it’s below 50,000, the label will be ‘Low Earner’. This will produce a new column in your result set called salary_category that provides the classification for each employee.


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