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Asked: 2024-09-26T16:42:10+05:30 In:

how to know table size in sql server

I’m currently working with a SQL Server database, and I’m facing a bit of a challenge regarding understanding the size of specific tables within my database. I’m trying to optimize my database and manage storage capacity effectively, but I’m not sure how to get accurate information about the size of individual tables. Is there a way to find out not just the row count but also the overall size in terms of disk space that each table is consuming?

I’ve heard that this information can be crucial for performance tuning and understanding which tables might benefit from indexing or archiving. I’ve looked around in the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) interface, but I couldn’t find a straightforward way to extract this information. Is there a query or built-in function I can use to get detailed insights on table sizes? What should I be aware of in terms of the methods to use, and do any specific factors come into play—like tables with a lot of indexes or those with varied data types? Any guidance on how to tackle this would be really helpful!

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    2 Answers


    1. To determine the size of a table in SQL Server, you can leverage the built-in system stored procedure `sp_spaceused`. This procedure provides data about the amount of space used by a table, including both the total amount of allocated space and the data and index sizes. To use it, execute the following command: `EXEC sp_spaceused ‘YourTableName’;`. This will return a result set with columns displaying the number of rows, reserved space, data space, index space, and unused space, enabling you to get a comprehensive overview of the specified table’s size and utilization.

      For more detailed insights, especially if you require sizes for all tables within a database, querying the `sys.dm_db_partition_stats` along with `sys.tables` and `sys.indexes` can be quite effective. Here’s an example query that aggregates data across all partitions:

      “`sql
      SELECT
      t.name AS TableName,
      SUM(ps.used_page_count) * 8 AS TableSizeKB
      FROM
      sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
      JOIN
      sys.tables t ON ps.object_id = t.object_id
      GROUP BY
      t.name
      ORDER BY
      TableSizeKB DESC;
      “`

      This will give you a clear picture of the sizes of all tables in the database, sorted in descending order of size, allowing for efficient monitoring and management of your database storage.

    2. Checking Table Size in SQL Server

      If you’re new to SQL Server and want to know how much space a table is using, you can do it pretty easily. Here’s a simple way to find out!

      Use this SQL Query

      Just run this SQL code in your SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS):

              EXEC sp_spaceused 'your_table_name';

      Replace your_table_name with the name of the table you’re curious about.

      What Does This Do?

      This command gives you a summary of the table’s size. It shows you:

      • Database Size: Total space used by the table.
      • Number of Rows: How many rows are in there.
      • Unused Space: Space in the table that isn’t currently used.

      Need More Details?

      If you want to dive deeper, you can also try:

              SELECT 
            t.NAME AS TableName,
            p.rows AS RowCounts,
            SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB,
            SUM(a.used_pages) * 8 AS UsedSpaceKB,
            (SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
        FROM 
            sys.tables AS t
        INNER JOIN      
            sys.indexes AS i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
        INNER JOIN 
            sys.partitions AS p ON i.object_id = p.object_id AND i.index_id = p.index_id
        INNER JOIN 
            sys.allocation_units AS a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
        GROUP BY 
            t.Name, p.Rows;

      This one gives you a more detailed view of all tables in your database along with their sizes!

      Quick Tips!

      • Always use single quotes around table names.
      • Spaces will throw errors, so keep table names neat!
      • Play around with these commands to get comfortable!

      That’s it! Tracking your table sizes is super handy, especially when you’re managing a lot of data. Happy coding!

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